While southern Europe is currently experiencing a heatwave this July, for those of us in the British Isles it feels more like autumn this weekend with cool temperatures and wet gales. Whatever the weather, however, summer fetes across the country will go ahead with flower shows and baking competitions etc. Because of the very localised nature of a summer fete (often organised by villages, parish churches or schools etc but with few written records kept on them), it’s difficult to date how long they have existed. Some suggest hundreds of years while others say thousands.
This is also the case around the world to a greater or lesser extent. In ancient Japan, for instance, local competitions on garden displays, seashell collections, paintings and poetry recitals are well documented. Similar to the bardic tradition mentioned by Meles, Japanese poetry recitals were already receiving imperial endorsement by the 13th Century with the prestigious poetry competition (utakai hajime) being hosted by the emperor himself and which survives to this day.
Away from the imperial court, a famous description of a poetry contest (uta-awase) is the Tōhoku'in Poetry Contest among Persons of Various Occupations (1214). In it a scribe acts as judge and the poems are recited by a range of characters such as doctor, a blacksmith, a nun, a fisherman, a priest, a carpenter, a gambler and a shopkeeper. In this it bears a remarkable similarity to Giovanni Boccaccio’s Decamerone (1353) and Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1400).